Vulgar words in Seasoning of Wood (Page 1)

This book at a glance

bastard x 13
            

Page 1

~   ~   ~   Sentence 144   ~   ~   ~

It is due to the structural peculiarities that "honeycombing" occurs in rapid seasoning, that checks or cracks extend radially and follow pith rays, that tangent or "bastard" cut stock shrinks and warps more than that which is quarter-sawn.

~   ~   ~   Sentence 268   ~   ~   ~

On the faces of the boards nearest the slab (tangential or bastard boards) the several years' growth should also appear as parallel, but much broader stripes.

~   ~   ~   Sentence 545   ~   ~   ~

Cuban Pine= (_Pinus cubensis_) (Slash Pine, Swamp Pine, Bastard Pine, Meadow Pine).

~   ~   ~   Sentence 616   ~   ~   ~

BASTARD SPRUCE Spruce or fir in name, but resembling hard pine or larch in appearance, quality and uses of its wood.

~   ~   ~   Sentence 652   ~   ~   ~

5); on the tangential section or "bastard" face patterns similar to those mentioned for pine wood are observed.

~   ~   ~   Sentence 677   ~   ~   ~

They appear as long, sharp, grayish lines on the cross-sections; as short, thick lines, tapering at each end, on the tangential or "bastard" face, and as broad, shiny bands, "the mirrors," on the radial section.

~   ~   ~   Sentence 1,011   ~   ~   ~

Elm for years has been the principal wood used in slack cooperage for barrel staves, also in the construction of cars, wagons, etc., in boat building, agricultural implements and machinery, in saddlery and harness work, and particularly in the manufacture of all kinds of furniture, where the beautiful figures, especially those of the tangential or bastard section, are just beginning to be appreciated.

~   ~   ~   Sentence 2,288   ~   ~   ~

This, too, is the cause of most of the ordinary phenomena of shrinkage, such as the difference in behavior of the entire and quartered logs, "bastard" (tangent) and rift (radial) boards, etc., and explains many of the phenomena erroneously attributed to the influence of bark, or of the greater shrinkage of outer and inner parts of any log.

~   ~   ~   Sentence 3,703   ~   ~   ~

=Bastard cut.= Tangential cut.

~   ~   ~   Sentence 3,819   ~   ~   ~

INDEX OF LATIN NAMES Abies amabalis, 21 Abies balsamea, 20 Abies concolor, 20 Abies grandis, 20 Abies magnifica, 21 Abies nobilis, 21 Acer macrophyllum, 69 Acer negundo, 69 Acer Pennsylvanicum, 70 Acer rubrum, 69 Acer saccharinum, 69 Acer saccharum, 68 Acer spicatum, 69 Æsculus flava, 45 Æsculus glabra, 45 Æsculus octandra, 45 Ailanthus glandulosa, 37 Asimina triloba, 76 Betula lenta, 41 Betula lutea, 42 Betula nigra, 43 Betula papyrifera, 43 Betula populifolia, 42 Betula rubra, 43 Buxus sempervirens, 77 Carpinus Caroliana, 44 Castanea Americana, 48 Castanea chrysophylla, 49 Castanea dentata, 48 Castanea pumila, 48 Castanea vesca, 48 Castanea vulgaris, 48 Catalpa bignonioides, 46 Catalpa speciosa, 46 Celtis occidentalis, 62 Chamæcyparis Lawsonia, 18 Chamæcyparis thyoides, 17 Cladrastis lutea, 85 Cornus florida, 49 Cupressus nootkatensis, 18 Diospyros Virginia, 77 Evonymus atropurpureus, 82 Fagus ferruginea, 40 Fraxinus Americana, 37 Fraxinus Caroliniana, 39 Fraxinus nigra, 38 Fraxinus Oregana, 38 Fraxinus Pennsylvanica, 38 Fraxinus pubescens, 38 Fraxinus quadrangulata, 38 Fraxinus sambucifolia, 38 Fraxinus viridis, 38 Gleditschia triacanthos, 66 Gymnocladus dioicus, 49 Hicoria alba, 64 Hicoria glabra, 64 Hicoria minima, 64 Hicoria ovata, 64 Hicoria pecan, 64 Ilex monticolo, 65 Ilex opaca, 64 Juglans cinerea, 45 Juglans nigra, 82 Juniperus communis, 19 Juniperus Virginiana, 18 Larix Americana, 22 Larix laricina, 22 Larix occidentalis, 22 Libocedrus decurrens, 18 Liquidamber styraciflua, 54 Liriodendron tulipfera, 81 Maclura aurantiaca, 76 Magnolia acuminata, 67 Magnolia glauca, 67 Magnolia tripetala, 67 Morus rubra, 70 Nyssa aquatica, 60 Nyssa sylvatica, 62 Ostrya Virginiana, 65 Oxydendrum arboreum, 80 Picea alba, 28 Picea canadensis, 28 Picea engelmanni, 28 Picea mariana, 27 Picea nigra, 27 Picea rubens, 28 Picea sitchensis, 28 Pinus banksiana, 27 Pinus cubensis, 26 Pinus divaricata, 27 Pinus enchinata, 26 Pinus flexilis, 24 Pinus inops, 27 Pinus Jeffreyi, 25 Pinus Lambertiana, 24 Pinus monticolo, 24 Pinus Murryana, 27 Pinus palustris, 24 Pinus ponderosa, 25 Pinus resinosa, 25 Pinus rigida, 26 Pinus strobus, 23 Pinus tæda, 25 Pinus Virginiana, 27 Platanus occidentalis, 80 Platanus racemosa, 81 Populus alba, 79 Populus angulata, 77 Populus balsamifera, 79 Populus fremontii, 78 Populus grandidentata, 79 Populus heteropylla, 78 Populus monilifera, 77 Populus nigra italica, 79 Populus tremuloides, 79 Populus trichocarpa, 78 Populus Wislizeni, 78 Prunus Pennsylvanica, 47 Prunus serotina, 47 Pseudotsuga douglasii, 29 Pseudotsuga taxifolia, 29 Pyrus coronaria, 49 Quercus acuminata, 73 Quercus alba, 71 Quercus aquatica, 73 Quercus bicolor, 72 Quercus chrysolepis, 76 Quercus coccinea, 75 Quercus digitata, 75 Quercus durandii, 71 Quercus falcata, 75 Quercus garryana, 71 Quercus ilicijolia, 74 Quercus imbricaria, 75 Quercus lobata, 72 Quercus lyrata, 73 Quercus macrocarpa, 72 Quercus marilandica, 75 Quercus Michauxii, 74 Quercus minor, 74 Quercus nigra, 75 Quercus obtusiloda, 74 Quercus palustris, 73 Quercus phellos, 72 Quercus platanoides, 72 Quercus prinoides, 74 Quercus prinus, 73 Quercus pumila, 74 Quercus rubra, 74 Quercus tinctoria, 74 Quercus velutina, 74 Quercus virens, 75 Rhamnus Caroliniana, 45 Robinia pseudacacia, 66 Robinia viscosa, 66 Salix alba, 83 Salix amygdaloides, 84 Salix babylonica, 84 Salix bebbiana, 84 Salix discolor, 84 Salix fluviatilis, 84 Salix fragilis, 84 Salix lucida, 84 Salix nigra, 83 Salix rostrata, 84 Salix vitellina, 83 Sassafras sassafras, 80 Sequoia sempervirens, 19 Taxodium distinchum, 19 Taxus brevifolia, 30 Thuya gigantea, 17 Thuya occidentalis, 17 Tilia Americana, 39 Tilia heterophylla, 39 Tilia pubescens, 39 Tsuga canadensis, 21 Tsuga mertensiana, 21 Ulmus alata, 51 Ulmus Americana, 50 Ulmus crassifolia, 51 Ulmus fulva, 51 Ulmus pubescens, 51 Ulmus racemosa, 50 Umbellularia Californica, 65 INDEX Abele, Tree, 79 Absorption of water by dry wood, 124 Acacia, 66 Acacia, false, 66 Acacia, three-thorned, 66 According to species, different kiln drying, 170 Advantages in seasoning, 128 Advantages of kiln-drying over air-drying, 156 Affect drying, properties of wood that, 156 Ailanthus, 37 Air circulation, 173 Air-drying, advantages of kiln-drying over, 156 Alaska cedar, 18 Alaska cypress, 18 Alcoholic liquids, stave and heads of barrels containing, 112 Almond-leaf willow, 84 Ambrosia or timber beetles, 99 American box, 49 American elm, 50 American larch, 22 American linden, 39 American oak, 71 American red pine, 25 Anatomical structure, 14 Annual ring, the yearly or, 10 Apartment dry kiln, 198 Apple, crab, 49 Apple, custard, 76 Apple, wild, 49 Appliances in kiln-drying, helpful, 237 Arborvitæ, 17 Ash, 37 Ash, black, 38 Ash, blue, 38 Ash, Carolina, 39 Ash, green, 38 Ash, ground, 38 Ash, hoop, 38 Ash-leaved maple, 69 Ash, Oregon, 38 Ash, red, 38 Ash, white, 37 Aspen, 39, 79 Aspen, large-toothed, 78 Aspen-leaved birch, 42 Aspen, quaking, 79 Atmospheric pressure, drying at, 146 Bald Cypress, 19 Ball tree, button, 80 Balm of gilead, 79 Balm of gilead fir, 20 Balsam, 20, 79 Balsam fir, 20 Bark and pith, 8 Bark on, round timber with, 106 Barrels containing alcoholic liquids, staves and heads of, 112 Barren oak, 75 Bar willow, sand, 84 Basket oak, 74 Basswood, 39 Basswood, small-leaved, 39 Basswood, white, 39 Bastard pine, 26 Bastard spruce, 29 Bay poplar, 60 Bay, sweet, 67 Bear oak, 74 Beaver wood, 67 Bebb willow, 84 Bee tree, 39 Beech, 40 Beech, blue, 44 Beech, red, 40 Beech, water, 44, 80 Beech, white, 40 Berry, sugar, 62 Beetles, ambrosia or timber, 99 Big bud hickory, 64 Bilsted, 54 Birch, 41 Birch, aspen-leaved, 42 Birch, black, 41 Birch, canoe, 43 Birch, cherry, 41 Birch, gray, 42 Birch, mahogany, 41 Birch, old field, 42 Birch, paper, 43 Birch, red, 42 Birch, river, 43 Birch, silver, 42 Birch, sweet, 41 Birch, white, 42, 43 Birch, wintergreen, 41 Birch, yellow, 42 Bird cherry, 47 Bitternut hickory, 64 Black ash, 38 Black birch, 41 Black cherry, 47 Black cottonwood, 78 Black cypress, 19 Black gum, 62 Black hickory, 64 Black jack, 75 Black larch, 22 Black locust, 66 Black nut hickory, 64 Black oak, 74 Black pine, 25, 27 Black spruce, 27 Black walnut, 44, 82 Black willow, 83 Blower dry kiln, operation of, 186 Blower or hot blast dry kiln, 185 Blue ash, 38 Blue beech, 44 Blue poplar, 81 Blue willow, 83 Bois d'Arc, 45, 76 Bolts, stave, heading and shingle, 109 Borers, flat-headed, 103 Borers, powder post, 105 Borers, round-headed, 101 Box, American, 49 Box elder, 69 Box dry kiln, 204 Broad-leaved maple, 69 Broad-leaved trees, 31 Broad-leaved trees, list of most important, 37 Broad-leaved trees, wood of, 31 Brown hickory, 64 Brown locust, 66 Buckeye, 45 Buckeye, fetid, 45 Buckeye, Ohio, 45 Buckeye, sweet, 45 Buckthorne, 45 Bud hickory, big, 64 Bull nut hickory, 64 Bull pine, 25 Bur oak, 72 Burning bush, 82 Bush, burning, 82 Bush, juniper, 18 Butternut, 45 Button ball tree, 80 Button wood, 80 California Redwood, 19 California white pine, 25 Canadian pine, 25 Canary wood, 81 Canoe birch, 43 Canoe cedar, 17 Carolina ash, 39 Carolina pine, 26 Carolina poplar, 77 Cars, method of loading kiln, 206 Catalpa, 46 Cedar, 17 Cedar, Alaska, 18 Cedar, canoe, 17 Cedar, elm, 51 Cedar, ground, 19 Cedar, incense, 18 Cedar of the West, red, 17 Cedar, Oregon, 18 Cedar, pencil, 18 Cedar, Port Orford, 18 Cedar, red, 18, 19 Cedar, white, 17, 18 Cedar, yellow, 18 Changes rendering drying difficult, 140 Characteristics and properties of wood, 1 Checking and splitting, prevention of, 129 Cherry, 47 Cherry birch, 41 Cherry, bird, 47 Cherry, black, 47 Cherry, Indian, 45 Cherry, red, 47 Cherry, rum, 47 Cherry, wild, 47 Cherry, wild red, 47 Chestnut, 48 Chestnut, horse, 45, 65 Chestnut oak, 73 Chestnut oak, rock, 73 Chestnut oak, scrub, 74 Chinquapin, 48, 49 Chinquapin oak, 73, 74 Chinquapin oak, dwarf, 74 Choice of drying method, 195 Circassian walnut, 60 Circulation, air, 173 Clammy locust, 66 Classes of trees, 5 Cliff elm, 50 Coast redwood, 19 Coffee nut, 49 Coffee tree, 49 Color and odor of wood, 89 Color, odor, weight, and figure in wood, grain, 86 Composition of sap, 116 Conditions and species, temperature depends on, 171 Conditions favorable for insect injury, 106 Conditions governing the drying of wood, 156 Conditions of success in kiln-drying, 169 Coniferous trees, 8 Coniferous trees, wood of, 8 Coniferous woods, list of important, 17 Containing alcoholic liquids, staves and heads of barrels, 112 Cooperage stock and wooden truss hoops, dry, 112 Cork elm, 50 Cotton gum, 60 Cottonwood, 49, 77, 78 Cottonwood, black, 78 Cottonwood, swamp, 78 Cow oak, 74 Crab apple, 49 Crab, fragrant, 49 Crack willow, 84 Crude products, 106 Cuban pine, 26 Cucumber tree, 49, 67 Cup oak, mossy, 72 Cup oak, over-, 72, 73 Custard apple, 76 Cypress, 19 Cypress, Alaska, 18 Cypress, bald, 19 Cypress, black, 19 Cypress, Lawson's, 18 Cypress, pecky, 19 Cypress, red, 19 Cypress, white, 19 D'Arc, Bois, 45, 76 Deal, yellow, 23 Demands upon soil and moisture of red gum, 56 Depends on conditions and species, temperature, 171 Description of the forest service kiln, theory and, 161 Diagram, the uses of the humidity, 237 Difference between seasoned and unseasoned wood, 121 Different grains of wood, 86 Different kiln-drying according to species, 170 Different species, weight of kiln-dried wood of, 95 Different types, kilns of, 196 Different types of dry kilns, 185 Different types of kiln doors, 231 Difficult, changes rendering drying, 140 Difficulties of drying wood, 138 Distribution of water in wood, 114 Distribution of water in wood, local, 114 Distribution of water in wood seasonal, 115 Dogwood, 49 Doors, different types of kiln, 231 Douglas spruce, 29 Downy linden, 39 Downy poplar, 78 Dry cooperage stock and wooden truss hoops, 112 Drying according to species, different kiln, 170 Drying, advantages of kiln-drying over air, 156 Drying at atmospheric pressure, 146 Drying by superheated steam, 150 Drying, conditions of success in kiln, 169 Drying difficult, changes rendering, 140 Drying gum, kiln, 180 Drying, helpful appliances in kiln, 237 Drying, kiln, 164, 177 Drying, losses due to improper kiln, 141 Drying method, choice of, 185 Drying, methods of kiln, 145 Drying, objects of kiln, 168 Drying of green red gum, kiln, 183 Drying of wood, kiln, 156 Drying of wood, physical conditions governing the, 156 Drying, physical properties that influence, 125 Drying, properties of wood that effect, 141 Drying, theory of kiln, 157 Drying, underlying principles of kiln, 166 Drying under pressure and vacuum, 146 Drying, unsolved problems in kiln, 143 Drying wood, difficulties of, 138 Drying 100 lb.

~   ~   ~   Sentence 3,821   ~   ~   ~

green wood in the kiln, pounds of water, 179 Magnolia, 67 Magnolia, small, 67 Magnolia, swamp, 67 Mahogany, birch, 41 Mahogany, white, 45 Manner of evaporation of water, 123 Maple, 67 Maple, ash-leaved, 69 Maple, broad-leaved, 69 Maple, hard, 68 Maple, mountain, 69 Maple, Oregon, 69 Maple, red, 69 Maple, rock, 68 Maple, silver, 69 Maple, silver-leaved, 69 Maple, soft, 69 Maple, striped, 70 Maple, sugar, 68 Maple, swamp, 69 Maple, water, 69 Maple, white, 69 Maul oak, 75, 76 Meadow pine, 26 Method, choice of drying, 195 Method of loading kiln cars, 206 Method of piling gum, 180 Methods, impregnation, 151 Methods of drying, 154 Mildew, elimination of stain and, 136 Minute structure, 34 Mockernut hickory, 64 Moist-air dry kiln, operation of, 192 Moist-air or pipe kiln, the, 188 Moisture content, keep records of the, 249 Moisture, demands upon soil and, 56 Moisture on wood, effects of, 117 Moose elm, 51 Moose-wood, 70 Mossy-cup oak, 72 Most important broad-leaved trees list of, 37 Mountain holly, 65 Mountain maple, 69 Mulberry, 70 Mulberry, red, 70 Myrtle, 65, 70 Nettle Tree, 62 Noble fir, 21 Norway pine, 25 Nut, coffee, 49 Nut hickory, black, 64 Nut hickory, bull, 64 Nut, Illinois, 64 Nyssa, 60 Oak, 70 Oak, American, 71 Oak, barren, 75 Oak, basket, 74 Oak, bear, 74 Oak, black, 74 Oak, bur, 72 Oak, chestnut, 73 Oak, chinquapin, 73, 74 Oak, cow, 74 Oak, duck, 73 Oak, dwarf chinquapin, 74 Oak, iron, 74 Oak, jack, 75 Oak, laurel, 75 Oak, live, 75, 76 Oak, maul, 75, 76 Oak, mossy-cup, 72 Oak, over-cup, 72, 73 Oak, peach, 72 Oak, pin, 73 Oak, possum, 73 Oak, post, 74 Oak, punk, 73 Oak, red, 74, 75 Oak, rock, 73 Oak, rock chestnut, 73 Oak, scarlet, 75 Oak, scrub, 74 Oak, scrub chestnut, 74 Oak, shingle, 75 Oak, Spanish, 75 Oak, swamp post, 73 Oak, swamp Spanish, 73 Oak, swamp white, 72, 73 Oak, water, 73 Oak, western white, 71 Oak, white, 71, 72 Oak, willow, 72 Oak, yellow, 73, 74 Oak, Valparaiso, 76 Objects of kiln-drying, 168 Odor and color of wood, 89 Odor, weight, and figure in wood, grain, color, 86 Ohio buckeye, 45 Old field birch, 42 Old field pine, 25, 26 Operation of the blower kiln, 186 Operation of the moist-air kiln, 192 Orange, osage, 76 Oregon ash, 38 Oregon cedar, 18 Oregon maple, 69 Oregon pine, 29 Orford cedar, Port, 18 Osage orange, 76 Out-of-door seasoning, 154 Over-cup oak, 72, 73 Papaw, 76 Paper birch, 43 Peach oak, 72 Pecan, 64 Pecky cypress, 19 Pencil cedar, 18 Pepperidge, 60 Perch willow, 84 Persimmon, 77 Peruche, 21 Physical conditions governing the drying of wood, 156 Physical properties that influence drying, 125 Pignut hickory, 64 Piling gum, methods of, 180 Pine, American red, 25 Pine, bastard, 26 Pine, black, 25, 27 Pine, bull, 25 Pine, California white, 25 Pine, Canadian, 25 Pine, Carolina, 26 Pine, Cuban, 26 Pine, Georgia, 24 Pine, ginger, 18 Pine, gray, 27 Pine, hard, 26 Pine, hazel, 54, 60 Pine, jack, 27 Pine, Jersey, 27 Pine, loblolly, 25 Pine, lodge-pole, 27 Pine, long-leaf, 24 Pine, long-straw, 24 Pine, meadow, 26 Pine, Norway, 25 Pine, old field, 25, 26 Pine, Oregon, 29 Pine, pitch, 26 Pine, Puget Sound, 29 Pine, pumpkin, 23, 24 Pine, red, 29 Pine, rosemary, 25 Pine, sap, 25 Pine, scrub, 27 Pines, hard, 24 Pine, short-leaf, 26 Pine, short-straw, 25 Pine, slash, 25, 26 Pine, soft, 23, 24 Pine, southern, 24 Pine, southern hard, 24 Pine, spruce, 26 Pine, sugar, 24 Pine, swamp, 26 Pine, torch, 26 Pine, Weymouth, 23 Pine, western, 25 Pine, western white, 25 Pine, western yellow, 25 Pine, white, 23, 24 Pine, yellow, 24, 25, 26 Pin oak, 73 Pipe or moist-air kiln, 188 Pitch pine, 26 Pith and bark, 8 Plane tree, 80 Pocket dry kiln, the, 200 Point in wood, the fibre saturation, 118 Pole pine, lodge, 27 Poplar, 67, 77, 79, 81 Poplar, bay, 60 Poplar, blue, 81 Poplar, Carolina, 77 Poplar, downy, 78 Poplar, hickory, 81 Poplar, Lombardy, 79 Poplar, swamp, 60 Poplar, white, 79, 81 Poplar, yellow, 81 Port Orford cedar, 18 Possum oak, 73 Post borers, powder, 105 Post oak, 74 Post oak, swamp, 73 Pounds of water lost in drying 100 lb.

~   ~   ~   Sentence 3,822   ~   ~   ~

green wood in the kiln, 179 Powder post borers, 105 Preliminary steaming of gum, 182 Preliminary treatments, 151 Pressure and vacuum, drying under, 146 Pressure, drying at atmospheric, 146 Prevent injury from insects, how to, 107 Prevention of checking and splitting, 129 Principles of kiln-drying, underlying, 166 Problems in kiln-drying, unsolved, 143 Products, crude, 106 Products in the rough, seasoned, 112 Products in the rough, unseasoned, 109 Progressive dry kiln, the, 196 Properties, characteristics and, 1 Properties of wood, 4 Properties of wood that affect drying, 141 Properties that influence drying, physical, 125 Puget Sound pine, 29 Pumpkin pine, 23, 24 Punk oak, 73 Pussy willow, 84 Quaking Aspen, 79 Range of Red Gum, 55 Range of tupelo gum, 61 Rapidity of evaporation, 124 Recording hygrometer, the, 242 Recording steam gauge, the, 246 Recording thermometer, the, 245 Records of the moisture content, keep, 249 Red ash, 38 Red beech, 40 Red birch, 43 Red cedar, 18, 19 Red cedar of the West, 17 Red cherry, 47 Red cherry, wild, 47 Red cypress, 19 Red elm, 51 Red fir, 21, 29 Red gum, 54, 79 Red gum, demands upon soil and moisture of, 56 Red gum, form of the, 55 Red gum, kiln-drying of green, 183 Red gum, range of, 55 Red gum, reproduction of, 57 Red gum, second-growth, 59 Red gum, tolerance of, 56 Red juniper, 18 Red maple, 69 Red mulberry, 70 Red oak, 74, 75 Red pine, 29 Red pine, American, 25 Red spruce, 28 Redwood, 19, 27 Redwood, California, 19 Redwood, Coast, 19 Registering hygrometer, the, 244 Registering thermometer, the, 246 Rendering drying difficult, changes, 140 Reproduction of red gum, 57 Requirements in a satisfactory dry kiln, 160 Ring, the annual or yearly, 10 River birch, 43 Rock chestnut oak, 73 Rock elm, 50 Rock maple, 68 Rock oak, 73 Rosemary pine, 25 Rough, seasoned products in the, 112 Rough, unseasoned products in the, 109 Round-headed borers, 101 Round timber with bark on, 106 Rum cherry, 47 Samples for Scalometer Test, 248 Sand bar willow, 84 Sap and heartwood, 8 Sap, composition of, 116 Saplings, 108 Sap pine, 25 Sassafras, 80 Satin walnut, 54 Satisfactory dry kiln, requirements in a, 160 Saturation point in wood, fibre, 118 Sawmills, scalometer in, 249 Savin juniper, 18 Scalometer in factories, 249 Scalometer in sawmills, 249 Scalometer, test samples for, 248 Scalometer, the troemroid, 247 Scalometer, weighing with, 248 Scalybark hickory, 64 Scarlet oak, 75 Scrub chestnut oak, 74 Scrub oak, 74 Scrub pine, 27 Seasonal distribution of water in wood, 115 Seasoned and unseasoned wood, difference between, 121 Seasoned, how wood is, 145 Seasoned products in the rough, 112 Seasoning, advantages in, 128 Seasoning is, what, 119 Seasoning, out-of-door, 154 Second-growth red gum, 59 Sequoia, 19 Service kiln, theory and description of forest, 161 Shagbark hickory, 64 Shellbark hickory, 64 Shingle, heading and stave bolts, 109 Shingle oak, 75 Shining willow, 84 Short-leaf pine, 26 Short-straw pine, 25 Shrinkage of wood, 130 Shucks, honey, 66 Sitka spruce, 28 Silver birch, 42 Silver-leaved maple, 69 Silver maple, 69 Slash pine, 25, 26 Slippery elm, 51 Small-leaved basswood, 39 Small magnolia, 67 Soft maple, 69 Soft pine, 23, 24 Soil and moisture, demands upon, 56 Sorrel-tree, 80 Sound pine, Puget, 29 Sour gum, 62, 80 Sourwood, 80 Southern hard pine, 24 Southern pine, 24 Spanish oak, 75 Spanish oak, swamp, 73 Specialties, dry-kiln, 206 Species, different kiln-drying according to, 170 Species, temperature depends upon condition and, 171 Species, weight of kiln-dried wood of different, 95 Spindle tree, 82 Splitting, prevention of checking and, 129 Spring and summer-wood, 12 Spruce, 27 Spruce, bastard, 29 Spruce, black, 27 Spruce, Douglas, 29 Spruce, hemlock, 21 Spruce pine, 26 Spruce, red, 28 Spruce, Sitka, 28 Spruce, tide-land, 28 Spruce, white, 28 Stain and mildew, elimination of, 136 Stave, heading and shingle bolts, 109 Staves and heads of barrels containing alcoholic liquids, 112 Steam, drying by superheated, 150 Steam gauge, the recording, 246 Steaming of gum, preliminary, 182 Steaming of gum, final, 182 Stock and wooden truss hoops, dry cooperage, 112 Straw pine, long, 24 Straw pine, short, 25 Striped maple, 70 Structure, anatomical, 14 Structure, minute, 34 Structure of wood, 4 Stump tree, 49 Success in kiln-drying, conditions of, 169 Sugar berry, 62 Sugar maple, 68 Sugar pine, 24 Summerwood, spring and, 12 Superheated steam, drying by, 150 Swamp cottonwood, 78 Swamp hickory, 64 Swamp magnolia, 67 Swamp maple, 69 Swamp pine, 26 Swamp poplar, 60 Swamp post oak, 73 Swamp Spanish oak, 73 Swamp white oak, 72, 73 Sweet bay, 67 Sweet buckeye, 45 Sweet birch, 41 Sweet gum, 54, 80 Sweet locust, 66 Switchbud hickory, 64 Sycamore, 80, 81 Tacmahac, 79 Tamarack, 22, 27, 29 Temperature depends upon conditions and species, 171 Test samples for scalometer, 248 Theory and description of the forest service kiln, 161 Theory of kiln-drying, 157 Thermometer, the recording, 245 Thermometer, the registering, 246 Thorned acacia, three, 66 Three-thorned acacia, 66 Tide-land spruce, 28 Timber, 1 Timber beetles, ambrosia or, 99 Timber with bark on, round, 106 Timber worms, 103 Tolerance of red gum, 56 Toothed aspen, large-, 79 Torch pine, 26 Tower dry kiln, the, 202 Treatments, preliminary, 151 Tree, abele, 79 Tree, bee, 39 Tree, button ball, 80 Tree, coffee, 49 Tree, cucumber, 49, 67 Tree, fir, 20 Tree, lime, 39 Tree, nettle, 62 Tree of life, 17 Tree, plane, 80 Trees, broad-leaved, 31 Trees, classes of, 5 Trees, coniferous, 8 Trees, list of important coniferous, 17 Trees, list of most important broad-leaved, 37 Tree, sorrel, 80 Tree, spindle, 82 Tree, stump, 49 Trees, wood of broad-leaved, 31 Trees, wood of the coniferous, 8 Tree, tulip, 81 Tree, umbrella, 67 Troemroid Scalometer, the, 247 Truss hoops, dry cooperage stock and, 112 Tulip tree, 81 Tulip wood, 67, 81 Tupelo, 82 Tupelo gum, 60 Tupelo gum, range of, 61 Tupelo gum, uses of, 61 Types of dry kilns, different, 185 Types of kiln doors, different, 231 Types, kilns of different, 196 Umbrella Tree, 67 Underlying principles of kiln-drying, 166 Unseasoned products in the rough, 109 Unseasoned wood, difference between seasoned and, 121 Unsolved problems in kiln-drying, 143 Uses of the humidity diagram, 237 Uses of tupelo gum, 61 Vacuum, Drying under Pressure and, 146 Valparaiso oak, 76 Virgilia, 85 Wahoo, 51, 82 Walnut, 45, 82 Walnut, black, 44, 82 Walnut, circassian, 60 Walnut, satin, 54 Walnut, white, 45, 83 Water beech, 44, 80 Water by dry wood, absorption of, 124 Water elm, 50 Water in wood, 114 Water in wood, distribution of, 114 Water in wood, local distribution of, 114 Water in wood, seasonal distribution of, 115 Water lost in drying 100 lb.

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